Broad Coalition of Civil Society Organizations Calls on the Biden Administration to Launch Effort to Explore Establishing a National Human Rights Body
IRVINE, Calif. (Dec. 15, 2022) — A coalition of civil and human rights and social justice groups and academic partners called on the Biden administration today to establish a presidential commission to study establishing a national human rights body for the United States. In a letter to Ambassador Susan Rice, director of the White House’s Domestic Policy Council, 84 organizations and 37 individuals urged the administration to lay the groundwork for a national institution to monitor and promote implementation of the United States’ international human rights obligations.
“Nearly all of the United States’ democratic partners worldwide have national institutions to help them meet their human rights commitments,” said David Kaye, a professor at the University of California, Irvine School of Law, and a former United Nations special rapporteur on freedom of expression. “But the United States stands as an exception; it has adopted treaties but done very little to implement them domestically. It’s time to make human rights not just a foreign policy issue, as important as that is, but also a question of America’s domestic practice.”
The letter makes clear that the United States has played a pivotal global role in establishing the international human rights system, beginning with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted 74 years ago this month. But it adds that the United States has also historically resisted domestic implementation, monitoring and accountability mechanisms. The letter notes that the U.N. Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination earlier this year reviewed United States’ racial justice record and welcomed the U.S. delegation’s indication that it had taken under advisement the recommendation favoring the creation of such domestic human rights body.
Felice Gaer, director of the Jacob Blaustein Institute for the Advancement of Human Rights at the American Jewish Committee and a longtime former member of the UN Committee Against Torture, echoed these sentiments.
“When properly constituted and mandated, national human rights bodies can provide valuable oversight and means of implementing a country’s international human rights obligations,” Ms. Gaer noted. “An American NHRI can offer a meaningful path to encourage U.S. institutions, buoyed by civil society, to adhere to human rights commitments that our government has made and to which we routinely call on other countries to adhere.”
The letter does not ask the United States to make any new international commitments beyond the treaties it has already joined, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1992), the Convention against Torture (1994), and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (1994). The United States has also ratified two protocols under the Convention on the Rights of the Child, one prohibiting the involvement of children in armed conflict (2002) and the other prohibiting the sale of children, prostitution and child pornography (2002).
“The United States is lagging behind other nations in translating its global human rights obligations into domestic policies, and an independent National Human Rights Institution would help advance this goal,” said Jamil Dakwar, director of the American Civil Liberties Union’s Human Rights Program. “But such an institution must do more than monitor and implement U.S. human rights commitments. It can educate and make human rights more visible. It can provide a platform for marginalized communities to uphold their human rights. And it can, in a near-term sense, reinforce the Biden administration’s own priorities, especially under its Summit for Democracy and National Strategy on Gender Equity and Equality.”
Further information on national human rights institutions may be found at this report released this week by the UC Irvine School of Law International Justice Clinic. For queries, contact Professor Kaye at dkaye@law.uci.edu or Mr. Dakwar at jdakwar@aclu.org.
The letter is here. This statement is online here.
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